Page 2: Advanced Passive Constructions and Question Formation
This page delves deeper into passive voice constructions, including more complex modal structures and special verb forms.
Vocabulary: Speculative modals - modal verbs used to express speculation or deduction about past events.
Speculative modals in passive voice:
- "This money must have been stolen by him."
The page also covers passive constructions with "have to" and "need to":
- "This room has to be repainted."
- "These flowers have to be planted soon."
- "My dog needs to be washed."
Highlight: The passive voice can be used with obligation verbs like "have to" and "need to" to emphasize the necessity of an action rather than who needs to perform it.
Question formation in passive voice is explained:
- Questions are formed through inversion, placing the first element of the verb before the subject.
- Example: "Were the pyramids built by Egyptians?"
Example: Active: "Did Egyptians build the pyramids?" Passive: "Were the pyramids built by Egyptians?"
Special verbs like "give," "lend," "show," and "send" allow for two passive constructions:
- Focusing on the recipient: "I was given a bunch of flowers."
- Focusing on the object: "A bunch of flowers was given to me."
Definition: Double object verbs are verbs that can take both a direct and an indirect object, allowing for two different passive constructions.