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against British 401858: India in hands of British crown 401858: Government of India Act ->transfer of control of India from EIC to British Crown (Queen Victoria) Lo India devided in 2 types of territories Hative states 2) British Raj/India 401947: Ghandi led independence movement 415.08.1947: Britain handed India, their formal independence decline 4 BE was weakend by the world wars -Dmore interested in rebuilding their own country (no time for colonies) -Brealised that it was no longer feasible to run such a large empire developement of Commonwealth 20th British dependencies obtained sovereignty but kept ties to the UK is colonies gained status of dominions. -Bruled themselves but still held allegiance to the British Crown series of independence, Starting with india La End 1960s: most colonies were independent kept ties with BE for financial Seconomic reasons LEGACY OF THE EXPIRE + 4- english language developed into a global language (communication) Spread of British norms & values. Such as democratic principles, law,... is created infrastructure (layed roads) Lo better education, legal &transport systems 40 improved welfare (care e 40 destruction of minority languages, traditions and cultures. 40 discrimination, slavery, racism Weliminated practices they considered barboric to instability/struggles concerning economy etc. afterwards. (better medical) ↳ Suppression of religion. 40 JEREMY PAXMAN 1950 =british journalist, author, broadcaster and TV presenter who has often been praised and criticised for his brusque & witty manner and way of interviewing. In 2011, he wrote a booke about the history of the BE. It was turned into a 5-part BBC series in 2012. opinion on the British Empire Although there has been a lot of bad things, the British Empire 40 also had a good impact on the worlds developement ↳ it should be more acknowledged. + & abolished slavery created infrastructure created schools & hospitals Wreshaped our education system & redefined how we think of ourselves BENJAMIN ZEPHANIAH 1958 =british writer and dub poet. He believes that working with human rights groups, animal rights groups and other political organisations means that he'll never lack subject matter opinion on the British Empire emphasised that the word empire always reminded him of 4 brutality & slavery and that he was profoundly anti-empire 40 was offered the "Order of the British Empire" (OBE) but he vigorously declined it giving a public explanation for his rejection (it made him very angry) does not like the idea that black people were born slaves and 4 should therefore be grateful that they were given freedom by the Empire 'caring white masters" ENGLISCH GEORGE ORWELL 1903-1950 =english novelist, essayist, journalist and critic. His work is characterised by lucid prose, biting social critian, total opposition to totalitarianism & outspoken support of democratic Socialism. He was born in India as Eric Arthur Blair but want to England in 1907 with his mother a sister. 1922, he Indian imperial Police and served in the police form in Burma for five years. He changed his name to George Orwell in 1933 for Eric Blair Etonian & colonial policeman the publication of his first book (George Orwell= classless & anti-authoritarian opinion on the British Empire Lo strongly dislikes the english class system in general resigned his job at the indian Imperial Police because he felt like the 4 chand of the oppressor' & had grown to resent imperialism British Empire ↳ fascinated by the vision of a democratic society without class distinctions realized after fighting in the Spanish Civil was that there'll always loe something in human nature that wants power over others SHOOTING AN ELEPHANT 1936 Context "Shooting an Elephant" by George Orwell is a narrative essay about Orwell's time as a police offices for the British Raj in colonial Burma. The Burmese hate the empire, and thus they hate Orwell, for he is the face of the empire. They harass him & mock him and seek opportunities to laugh at him which is why he tries to act like a sahib 'natives" tries to impress the Summary An English police officer in Burma 00 is forced to deal with an aggressiv essive elephant, while being surrounded by an encouraging mots of locals. Symbolization •police man: imperialism. · elephant: British Empire • Burmese: Colonies e + SHOOTING AN ELEPHANT relation: police man <- burmese @protagonist thinks that imperalism is an evil thing -feels quilty seeing the consequences of British Raj (=tyranny) 2. protagonist is all for the Burmese fall against the British (opty) 3. Burmese disrespect the protagonist as he represents the BE feels quilty for <-> what he is doing dislikes Empire, = hates his job sympathises with the oppressed دے elephant as a metaphor for the British Empire elephant is a luge and strong animal elephant is hard to control elephant is calm and peaceful most of the time elephant can became aggressive and be unpredictable the Burmese want to see the elephant dead Burmese want to eat the meat of the elephant elephant is a valuable tool for it's owner elephant takes a long time to die BE was the largest Empire of the world with a strong military power Because the BE is so large, it was hard to run, 1/marage As long as the oppressed didn't stand up against the Empire, they weren't hurting them BE exploited the colonies, trouded slaves and toole their land the oppressed want the Empire to stop existing the oppressed want the ressources for them- selves & benefit from good heritage of the BE the colonies are profiting from the Empire (infrastructure) The decline of the Empire took long time a LETTER TO AN EDITOR adress: Dear Sir or Madame, I'm refering to your article.. published in... on... which deals with... express your opinion: I'm writing to because I (dislagree with... · ending : Summarise your opinion and if nessesary give solutions CANCEL CULTURE =means rewriting history & stopping the acknowledgement of facts because they are offensive to a racial, religious, ethnic, economic group. It's the rewriting of history to make people feel comfortable by ignoring facts 1-things that really happened-good or bad = is a movement to remove celebrity status or esteen from a person, place or thing based on offensive behaviour or transgression