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Vergleich zu -gives a future outlook -outlines differences -...makes the argumentation seem more convincing -...creates common ground with the readers / makes the topic seem more reliable -...makes the information seem more reliable/...makes the author more credible .-...stresses the importance of... - ...aims the catch the reader's attention -...helps the reader to understand... / relate to.... -...readers can identify rhetorical question= rhetorische Frage => makes the reader think about... / wonder... metaphor = Metapher => evoke,create a picture of... in the reader's mind, convey an idea of simile= Vergleich =>evoke,create a picture of... in the reader's mind, convey an idea of parallelism= Parallelismus => bring essential ideas to the audience anaphora- Anapher => gives text / speech structure enumeration= Aufzählung => help to understand, give examples of, emphasis.... repetition = Wiederholung => makes it seem more understandable contrast, antithesis -highlight a difference, compare alliteration = Alliteration => serves to make key words memorable brief summary -On the basis of his / her argumentation, the author draws the conclusion that... - The writer concludes his or her article, speech etc. by briefly summarizing the main arguments / by repeating his or her standpoint -in the end the author appeals to/ calls upon the readers to take action by... -Finally, the author provides a future outlook/ offers a solution to the problem Comment. give own opinion on a topic / statement arguments with facts and examples introduction: arouse reader's interest -Recently, there has been a discussion about... -Nowadays, there are.../ people... Many people think.... personal opinion at the end of the introduction main part: one argument per paragraph -First of all.../ To begin with... -Moreover.../ Furthermore.../ Next.../ Additionally -Another argument for / against is... -It should also be considered that... -It should be mentioned/ seen / taken into consideration that... -Another powerful/ important argument is that... -The central/ main argument... -Another point for / against is... -On the one hand... -Finally - an example for this argument is... -... is a good example for that (argument) -The fact that... provides proof for this argument. conclusion: IMPORTANT: no new argument summarize your opinion -To sump up... / All in all... / Finally... / In summary... -Considering all theses arguments... / On the basis of these arguments... -Having weighed up all the arguments, I can draw the conclusion that...