United Kingdom (Abi 2022)

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a monarch ● Royals ● • More options regarding to the election • No predetermined monarch Support charities • Raise attention on important topics • Future monarchs Represent the nation Strong bond with citizens ● Lowering the taxes • The Monarch could be paid with the income of attractions Multiculturalism Con • Incompatible with democracy • Wage war, sign treaties, dissolve Parliament • Inappropriate for a modern democratic society Pro • Produced successful athletes, led to a diverse representation in media and politics • Everybody can participate in different cultures (food, languages, religion, clothes, music, etc.) • Different cultures combine their "best" characteristics and form a new national identity • Interaction with people from a variety of backgrounds makes people more open- minded and tolerant • Foreign workers bring a new perspective into the workplace • Can form constitutional backstop against Parliament • Lack of control on its government • Class-obsessed place, privileged life • Possible King/Queen is predetermined • No election • Expensive (paid with taxes) • A lot of different cultures are represented in Great Britain ● • Variety of different people from many nations • Due to the process of immigration Con • Communities are living separate lives, share different values • Leads to segregation • Certain minorities integrate better than others Some do not want to integrate into British society • Ethnic make-up of areas can radically change and lead to the migration of different ethnic groups to other areas • Minorities might not afford living in certain areas"British Identity" is lost, many identity exist next to each other Immigration • After the Second World War, Britain welcomed people from abroad because of their labour shortage • They needed workers to rebuild their own country ● • Especially people from the Commonwealth of Nations immigrated with the British Nationality act of 1948 because they spoke English • Immigrants were faced with discrimination, prejudices and racism Push factors • Race Relation Acts: ensured that discrimination because of differences in race, skin color or ethnicity was forbidden ● Overpopulation • Few jobs • Low wages • Intolerance towards a certain cultural group • Natural disasters Integration • Economic/ social scale • Significant rates of intermarriage Brexit • British exit from the European Union ● • National referendum in June 2016 Solutions Pull factors • More or better jobs Higher wages • Promise of a better life ● Principles of a better life • Attractive environment (mountains, seasides, warm climate) Assimilation • Some of the best levels of educational achievement Demonstrating higher unemployment rates than the norm • Nationality laws ● • Was planned for March 2019, took place in January 2021 • Since January 1st 2021 the UK is no longer part of the EU "Backstop" solution • Northern Ireland would stay in the UK customs union • The "border" would be between the Irish island and Great Britain • "Soft" solution • The whole UK could remain part of the EU single market "Hard" solution • Would make free movement of people, goods and services between the two unions impossible Pro • Freedom of making own laws • Have a national say on global rules • Britain would have more freedom to make important trade deals with countries such as India or China • doing most of its trade within Europe is limiting • British island mentality and pride as former empire nation can be kept • Becoming independent Voting reasons Remain • Important for the education-system and economy • Britain is not an Empire anymore, it can be isolated ecologically • Free-travel/ trade is important in a globalized world • It's unclear what is to be expected after having left the EU • Being European is more important than being British • In order to reform Europe one needs to be part of it Con ● Leaving EU will not solve immigration problems • it will bring them closer because of border controls • it is important for countries to work closely together in today's globalised world • 3 million jobs are affected • EU is a strong economic and political power, 28 countries support each other, UK would be on it's own • Immigration difficult for EU because UK might not take refugees • Medium sized country with no real influence in the world • EU represents human rights, wrong to give it up • a small majority voted for Brexit: 51.9%, many young did not or could not vote • Educational difficulties (e.g. famous universities) Leave • National confidence will be regained • The EU is discriminative and racist against immigrants that come from outside the EU • Often send back to their fragile home countries • EU-Politicians can not be held accountable in Britain • The EU does not support small businesses, only big ones • The EU as an economical system is on the decline • Unbearable bureaucracy