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A Raisin in the sun #F TABLE OF CONTENTS General informations → Lorraine Hansberry → Historical context About the title → Structure → Summaries > Characters Key elements and aspects F GENERAL INFORMATIONS Author Time of origin Genre Place of action Time of action Contemporary background Structure Content Lorraine Hansberry 1950-1958 Psychological, realistic, socially critical drama Chicago ghetto (southside), Apartment of the younger family Period between the end of World War II and the late 1950's Time of racial segregation in the United States, Harlem renaissance Three acts (Act 1: two scenes; Act ll: three scenes; Act III) Limited living conditions of the Afro-American Younger family in times of economic prosperity; an atmosphere full of conflict within the family F LORRAINE HANSBERRY → born on May 19th 1930 ❤ Chicago, Illinois → First black playwright and youngest American to win a New York Critics Circle Award • Involved in civil rights * Died on January 12 1965 in New York F HISTORICAL CONTEXT F USA AFTER WORLD WAR 11 > in the 1950s America was economically, politically and militarily a global player -> rich country • despite this wealth the United States is a country with deep social divisions (racial injustice, inequality) dominant forces in American Culture: capitalism, mass-produced culture, consumerism, materialism > criticized by Beneatha's behaviour towards George (rejected him, his shallowness and materialism) > realization: family, happiness and union is more important than money > American society gets questioned, followed by civil rights movement for equal rights...
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for African- Americans (equality in voting, living and working) F HARLEM RENAISSANCE • other designation: 'New Negro Movement' or 'Black' Renaissance social, cultural and artistic movement of African-American writers and artists (1920-1930) significant for the new, collective approach; to emphasize the heritage of black African- Americans > come together to assist one another in their creative endeavours → African origins of African-America An THE NEW NEGRO HAS NO FEAR 8% CIGAR Tiger & STORE F SOCIETY AND POLITICS → Racial segregation • Segregated ethnic neighbourhoods * Great Migrations WAITING ROOM FOR WHITE ONLY BY ORDER POLICE DEPT. F PAN-AFRICANISM: AFRICAN-AMERICANS AND AFRICA Pan-Africanism as a movement to unite all people of African descent complex and different relationships towards Africa • presented by the opposing characters of George and Asagai, also Beneatha, Mama and Walter Lee F ABOUT THE TITLE „A RAISIN IN THE SUN" POEM ,,HARLEM“ 99 POET LANGSTON HUGHES A Dream Deferred What happens to a dream deferred? Does it dry up Like a raisin in the sun? Or fester like a sore - And then run? Does it stink like rotten meat? Or crust and sugar over - Like a syrupy sweet? Maybe it just sags Like a heavy load. Or does it explode? Setup Act I, Scene I STRUCTURE Plot Point 1 Act I, Scene 11 & Act 11, Scene 1 Midpoint Climax Actil, Scenell Plot Point 2 Act II, Scene III Resolution Climax Actil, Scene Ill Act III #F SUMMARY'S F > Scene 1: ACT 1 ● • Friday morning: waiting for the insurance money following the death of Lena's husband • Ruth and Walter argue about his friends, he plans to invest in a liquor store, Ruth is skeptical, Walter speaks about differences between men and women in behaviour and thinking • Walter and Beneatha argue about her decision to study medicine and about money Lena, Ruth and Beneatha arguing about Beneatha's will to express herself, her atheistic thoughts and the rejection of George F O ● ● ● ● Scene 2: ACT 1 Saturday morning: Ruth visits the doctor, Lena believes she is pregnant (she is) -> Ruth is very unhappy, burst into tears later Asagai visits, brings in Nigerian culture, they talk about gender issues and women's liberation the check from the insurance company arrives: Lena is upset, refuses to invest in any liquor store, Walter gets angry, he says "money is life" (conflict between Walter and Lena) Ruth confirms that she will get an abortion, Lena calls Walter "a disgrace to his father's memory" F → Scene 1: ● ● ● ● African dream ACT 2 George Murchison visits the family Dispute between Walter and George Mama bought a house in a white neighborhood F > Scene 2 ● ● Mrs. Johnson visits Walter at the Green Hat Mama gives Walter money Walters Vision ACT 2 F ● Younger's feel depressed because of the previous incidents Asagai has come over to offer help with the packing • Beneatha talks about her deep dream to become a doctor and of being able to help people Asagai asks Beneatha to come back with him to Africa to discover her roots ● ● ACT 3 ● Mr. Lindner comess over; Walter informs him about his decision to move ▸ Walter tells him that they want to move in and that they have pride Younger family getting ready to finally move out of their squalid ghetto apartment SAFE Characters (The Younger family) F "MAMA" (LENA) * religious, family is important to her, guided by love, common-sense and principles • does not approve making money from selling alcohol > holds the Younger family together, worried about Ruth and Walter's relationship → would donate the insurance money for charity, will use it for Beneatha's education and a new home -> gives the money to Walter for his self-worth > most powerful character with the greatest influence F Ruth's husband, Travis father, brother to Beneatha, son to Lena → Works as a chauffeur WALTER LEE > big dreams Feels unable to be a man → drinks Lorraine Hansberry A Raisin in the Sun DEM #F → Walter's wife and Travis' mother > fundamental warmth RUTH → Practical women > works hard in every way very different from the more artistically-inclined Beneatha > No time for dreams • disappointments in a life which was not what she had expected F ΒΕΝΕΑΤΗΑ very educated (wants to become a doctor), loving and compassionate, but also complicated, and self-focused * strong-willed and intelligent women, refuses to define herself by the men around her F > 10 or II years old TRAVIS WILLARD Ruth and Walter's son ❖ much loved * measure of the family's emotional health KEY ELEMENTS AND ASPECTS SYMBOLS AND IMPORTANT THEMES F ● ● SYMBOLS 1. Mama's potted plant Dream for a better future Care for her family Represent Mama's dream of having her own garden F ● 2. Beneatha's hair SYMBOLS stops her hair to grow in its natural state -> denies her African roots Asagai calls her hair "mutilated", later on she lets her hair grow in its natural way -> symbolizes her way of accepting her roots and living her identity against assimilation F SYMBOLS > 3. House in Clybourne park new hope ● more quality of life and family satisfaction ‒‒‒‒‒‒‒‒ #beneneb Sooooooooooooo HANNE KART F ● ● ● ● IMPORTANT THEMES 1. Poverty and money "Once upon a time freedom used to be life. Now it's money" (p.74) Money as an issue from the very beginning Gain hope with gain money, feel depressed when Walter lost the money Younger family lives in poverty > the arrival of the cheque offers them a new chance/ a new and better life F IMPORTANT THEMES 2. Family relationships and gender issues • family is very important, strength of family as the main point and resilience of enormous pressure from within (Walter obsession with money and his anger) gender roles (conflict of Beneatha and Walter) F ● ● ● ● IMPORTANT THEMES 3. Dreams, hopes, ambitions- the future most ambiguous theme Dreams nearly ruin the family Ruth cannot afford dreams The apartment as a symbol of the decay of the family F IMPORTANT THEMES 4. Race and identity Racial themes dominate in A Raisin in the Sun ● • Represented by the white residents of Clybourne Park > Mr. Lindner tries to stop the Youngers as a black family from moving into the white neighbourhood F https://lektueren-verstehen.de/lorraine+hansberry/ a+raisin+in+the+sun/ SOURCES https://www.shmoop.com/study-guides/literature/a-raisin-in-the-sun/ analysis/title https://www.sparknotes.com/lit/raisin/characters/ https://www.sparknotes.com/lit/raisin/summary/ THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION DO YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS?