African American History Timeline: From Slavery to Civil Rights
The journey of Afroamerikanische Geschichte Zeitstrahl begins in 1623 when the first eleven enslaved Africans arrived in New Amsterdam modern−dayNewYork. This marked the beginning of centuries of institutionalized racism and the fight for equality that would shape American history. The timeline of the Bürgerrechtsbewegung USA zeitstrahl shows how African Americans persisted through slavery, segregation, and discrimination to achieve civil rights.
Definition: The term African American refers to Americans of African descent, particularly those whose ancestors were enslaved. This terminology became widely accepted in the 1980s as a way to acknowledge both African heritage and American identity.
During the Civil War period 1861−1865, several pivotal events occurred that transformed African American rights. President Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 officially abolished slavery, followed by the 13th Amendment in 1865 which legally ended slavery throughout the United States. However, the assassination of President Lincoln by a Confederate sympathizer created new challenges for newly freed African Americans.
The post-Civil War era saw the emergence of oppressive Black Codes and Jim Crow laws, which severely restricted African American rights. Berühmte schwarze Amerikaner like Frederick Douglass fought against these restrictions, which included denials of voting rights, land ownership, and basic freedoms. The Ku Klux Klan, founded in Tennessee, began terrorizing African Americans through lynchings and other violent acts to maintain white supremacy.
Highlight: The 14th Amendment 1868 and 15th Amendment 1870 were crucial developments that affirmed black citizenship and voting rights, though these rights would not be fully realized for nearly a century.