How to Write a Summary

This section focuses on the essential skills for writing an effective summary, a key component of the Englisch-Abitur Aufbau.

Key Points for Summary Writing

• Briefly restate the author's main ideas or retell a story in your own words
• Keep it much shorter than the original text (about 1/4 to 1/3 of the length)
• Use present tense and maintain chronological order
• Avoid questions, direct speech, and personal opinions

Step 1: Preparation

To prepare for writing a summary:

1. Read the text carefully, underlining main characters
2. Divide the text into sections
3. Highlight keywords, main points, and the turning point

Step 2: Writing

When writing your summary:

1. Begin with an introductory sentence answering the W-questions (who, what, when, where, why) and mentioning the author, title, text type, and main idea
2. Write short paragraphs summarizing major arguments or event connections
3. Use your own words as much as possible
4. Stick to the present tense
5. Omit non-essential information like examples and direct quotes
6. Avoid including personal ideas or opinions

Highlight: A well-structured summary is crucial for success in Englisch Abi Aufgaben mit Lösungen.

Example: "According to the author, [main idea]. The writer illustrates this by [brief example]."

Step 3: Editing and Checking

After writing, revise your summary:

• Imagine you're a reader with no prior knowledge of the text or topic
• Ensure clarity and conciseness

Vocabulary:

• Restate: To express something again or differently
• Chronological: Arranged in the order events occurred

How to Write an Argumentative Essay

Argumentative essays are a critical component of Textsorten Englisch Abitur Niedersachsen. This section outlines the process of crafting a compelling argumentative essay.

Overview

An argumentative essay presents a controversial topic from opposing points of view in a clear and logical manner.

Step 1: Preparation

1. Collect ideas and information about the topic
2. Note arguments for and against the topic
3. Create an outline of what you want to write and in which order
4. Alternate between arguments and counter-arguments for each aspect
5. Arrange arguments from weakest to strongest, or in chronological order from the text (for a more neutral approach)

Highlight: A well-structured outline is crucial for a coherent and persuasive argumentative essay.

Step 2: Writing

The writing process for an argumentative essay involves crafting a strong introduction, developing a balanced body of arguments and counter-arguments, and concluding with a powerful summary of your position.

Vocabulary:

• Controversial: Giving rise to public disagreement
• Counter-argument: An argument opposed to another in a debate

Example: "While some argue that [position A], others contend that [position B]. This essay will examine both perspectives and argue that [your stance]."