How to Write a Summary

This section focuses on the essential skills for writing an effective summary, a key component of the Englisch-Abitur Aufbau.

Key Points for Summary Writing

• Briefly restate the author's main ideas or retell a story in your own words
• Keep it much shorter than the original text (about 1/4 to 1/3 of the length)
• Use present tense and maintain chronological order
• Avoid questions, direct speech, and personal opinions

Step 1: Preparation

To prepare for writing a summary:

1. Read the text carefully, underlining main characters
2. Divide the text into sections
3. Highlight keywords, main points, and the turning point

Step 2: Writing

When writing your summary:

1. Begin with an introductory sentence answering the W-questions (who, what, when, where, why) and mentioning the author, title, text type, and main idea
2. Write short paragraphs summarizing major arguments or event connections
3. Use your own words as much as possible
4. Stick to the present tense
5. Omit non-essential information like examples and direct quotes
6. Avoid including personal ideas or opinions

Highlight: A well-structured summary is crucial for success in Englisch Abi Aufgaben mit Lösungen.

Example: "According to the author, [main idea]. The writer illustrates this by [brief example]."

Step 3: Editing and Checking

After writing, revise your summary:

• Imagine you're a reader with no prior knowledge of the text or topic
• Ensure clarity and conciseness

Vocabulary:

• Restate: To express something again or differently
• Chronological: Arranged in the order events occurred

Page 6: Speech Writing Techniques

This page focuses on rhetorical devices and useful phrases for speech writing.

Key elements include:

• Direct address
• Enumeration
• Anaphora
• Imagery

Vocabulary: Important rhetorical terms and transitional phrases for speech writing.

How to Write a Characterisation

Characterisation is a crucial skill for Englisch Abitur Aufgaben mit Lösungen. This section provides a detailed guide on analyzing and describing characters in literary texts.

Types of Characters

• Protagonist/hero/heroine: The main character of the story
• Antagonist: An important character in conflict with the protagonist
• Flat character: Lacks depth and doesn't change throughout the story
• Round character: Presented in detail and undergoes changes

Step 1: Preparation

When preparing to write a characterisation, gather relevant information about the character from the text:

• Personal data (name, age, gender, appearance)
• Actions, thoughts, and dialogue
• Others' opinions and narrator's descriptions

Highlight: Draw conclusions about the character's traits and attitudes using evidence from the text, including quotes and specific lines.

Step 2: Writing

Introduction

• Briefly present the character's basic personal data and appearance
• Explain their function or role in the story and relationships with other characters

Body

• Describe the character's traits, behavior, and development in detail
• Use examples and quotes to support your statements

Conclusion

• Summarize the most important traits of the character

Vocabulary:

• Amiable: Friendly and pleasant
• Deceitful: Dishonest or misleading
• Antagonist: A character who opposes or competes with the protagonist

Example: "The protagonist is a young, single person of [specific] origin. He/she is described as being tall, with a square face and bright eyes."

Quote: "His/her behavior is marked by..."