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How to Stop Climate Change and Its Effects
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Johanna

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How to Stop Climate Change and Its Effects

 

Englisch

 

11/9

Präsentation

Climate change is a long-term shift in global or regional climate patterns, linked to the greenhouse effect and human activities.
• Key causes of climate change include burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and increased livestock farming.
• International measures like the Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement aim to mitigate climate change impacts.
• Individuals can contribute to climate change mitigation through actions like reducing waste, using public transport, and consuming less meat.
• The ecological footprint measures humanity's impact on the environment, highlighting unsustainable practices and resource consumption inequalities.

20.4.2022

7102

Measures Against Climate Change

International efforts to combat climate change have resulted in several key agreements and protocols. These measures aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and limit the global temperature rise. Some of the most significant initiatives include:

  1. The Kyoto Protocol: Adopted in 1997 under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), this protocol set binding emission reduction targets for developed countries. It aimed to reduce emissions by an average of 5% below 1990 levels during the 2008-2012 period. Some European Union states committed to a joint emission reduction target of 8% below 1990 levels.

  2. The Cancún Agreements: Adopted in December 2010, these agreements established a comprehensive package to support developing nations in finance, technology, and capacity-building. They also set a schedule for reviewing the objective of keeping the average global temperature rise below 2°C.

Highlight: The Cancún Agreements marked a significant step in international climate negotiations by providing concrete support for developing nations to address climate change.

  1. The Paris Agreement: Adopted in 2015, this landmark agreement aims to keep the global temperature rise well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels, with efforts to limit the increase to 1.5°C. It also seeks to strengthen countries' abilities to deal with the impacts of climate change through adaptation and mitigation efforts.

These international measures represent crucial steps in global climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts. They provide frameworks for countries to work together, set targets, and implement policies to address the challenges posed by climate change.

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What can we all do against Climate Change

This page begins to list 15 practical tips for individuals to combat climate change. The first seven tips are:

  1. Waste less
  2. Share and reuse products
  3. Choose organic products over artificial fertilizers and pesticides
  4. Conserve electricity
  5. Shop for regional and seasonal products
  6. Use public transport for climate protection
  7. Use bikes instead of cars

Example: Choosing to ride a bicycle for short trips instead of driving a car can significantly reduce an individual's carbon footprint.

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What can we all do against Climate Change (continued)

The page continues with the remaining eight tips for individual action against climate change:

  1. Switch to green electricity
  2. Use an eco-friendly bank
  3. Use energy-saving LED lamps
  4. Travel by train
  5. Eat less meat
  6. Improve house heat insulation
  7. Do more tasks yourself
  8. Support sustainable companies

Highlight: These tips encompass various aspects of daily life, from energy use to transportation and consumption habits, demonstrating the wide range of actions individuals can take to reduce their environmental impact.

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How does the Greenhouse effect work?

This page likely contains a diagram or detailed explanation of the greenhouse effect process, showing how solar radiation enters the Earth's atmosphere, is absorbed by the surface, and how some of this energy is re-radiated as heat, which is then trapped by greenhouse gases.

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Fridays for Future

Fridays for Future (FFF) is a global social movement initiated by high school and college students. The movement advocates for comprehensive, rapid, and efficient climate action. Participants organize climate strikes to raise awareness about the importance of addressing climate change.

Quote: "Together they make climate strikes so that all people see how important the climate is."

Example: The Fridays for Future movement has inspired millions of young people worldwide to participate in regular climate strikes, demanding urgent action from governments and corporations.

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What is the Greenhouse effect?

The greenhouse effect is a natural process that occurs when gases in Earth's atmosphere trap the Sun's heat, making the planet warmer than it would be without an atmosphere. This effect is crucial for making Earth habitable. However, human activities are altering Earth's natural greenhouse effect by adding more greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, primarily through burning fossil fuels like coal and oil. Plants play a vital role in balancing the greenhouse effect by absorbing carbon dioxide.

Definition: The greenhouse effect is a natural process where certain gases in the Earth's atmosphere trap heat from the sun, warming the planet's surface to a life-supporting temperature.

Vocabulary: Climate change adaptation refers to the process of adjusting to actual or expected climate change and its effects, which is becoming increasingly important as the greenhouse effect intensifies.

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Fridays for Future (continued)

This page appears to contain images and slogans from Fridays for Future protests, illustrating the global nature and passion of the movement. It also mentions a short documentary about the original strike in Sweden, which can be found on YouTube.

Highlight: The Fridays for Future movement has spread globally, with students in various countries organizing strikes and protests to demand climate action.

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Ecological Footprint

The ecological footprint is a measure of human impact on the environment, representing the amount of biologically productive land and sea area necessary to support a particular lifestyle. It has become one of the most widely used metrics for assessing humanity's effect on the environment. The concept highlights both the apparent unsustainability of current practices and the inequalities in resource consumption between and within countries.

The ecological footprint typically tracks the use of productive surface areas, including:

  1. Cropland
  2. Grazing land
  3. Fishing grounds
  4. Built-up land
  5. Forest area
  6. Carbon demand on land

Definition: The ecological footprint is a measure of human demand on the Earth's ecosystems, expressed as the amount of biologically productive land and sea area needed to support a person's lifestyle and consumption patterns.

Example: The image shows how many Earths would be needed if the entire world population lived like various countries, with Australia and the USA having the highest ecological footprints, requiring 5.2 and 5.0 Earths respectively.

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The Greenhouse Effect

The greenhouse effect is a natural process that plays a crucial role in making Earth habitable. It occurs when gases in the Earth's atmosphere trap heat from the Sun, making our planet much warmer than it would be without an atmosphere. This natural phenomenon is essential for maintaining temperatures suitable for life on Earth.

However, human activities are altering Earth's natural greenhouse effect, primarily through the burning of fossil fuels like coal and oil. These activities release excessive amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, intensifying the greenhouse effect and leading to global warming.

Definition: The greenhouse effect is the process by which radiation from a planet's atmosphere warms the planet's surface to a temperature above what it would be without this atmosphere.

The greenhouse effect works as follows:

  1. The Sun's energy reaches Earth's atmosphere.
  2. Some of this energy is reflected back to space, while the rest is absorbed and re-radiated by greenhouse gases.
  3. The absorbed energy warms the planet's surface and atmosphere, making life possible.

Plants play a vital role in balancing the greenhouse effect by absorbing carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. However, deforestation and other human activities are reducing this natural carbon sink, further exacerbating climate change.

Highlight: While the natural greenhouse effect is beneficial, human-induced enhancement of this effect is leading to climate change and global warming.

Understanding the greenhouse effect is crucial for comprehending the mechanisms of climate change and developing effective mitigation strategies. It underscores the importance of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and preserving natural carbon sinks like forests.

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Climate Change

Climate change refers to significant, long-term alterations in global or regional climate patterns. It is primarily characterized by a warming trend, with the Earth's average temperature rising faster than many previous periods in history. This phenomenon is closely linked to the greenhouse effect, which is being intensified by human activities. The impact of climate change is far-reaching, affecting ecosystems, weather patterns, and human societies worldwide.

Definition: Climate change is a persistent change in the statistical properties of the climate system that lasts for several decades or longer.

Scientists have observed that the world has been getting warmer, with temperature data showing a clear upward trend, especially in recent decades. This warming is not uniform across the globe, with some regions experiencing more dramatic changes than others. Understanding and addressing climate change has become one of the most pressing challenges of our time, requiring global cooperation and individual action.

Highlight: The Earth's average temperature is about 15°C but has fluctuated significantly higher and lower in the past. Current warming trends are occurring at an unprecedented rate.

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Fridays for Future

Fridays for Future (FFF) is a global social movement initiated by high school and college students to advocate for urgent and comprehensive climate action. The movement gained international attention when Swedish activist Greta Thunberg began her solitary protest outside the Swedish parliament in August 2018.

Key aspects of the Fridays for Future movement include:

  1. Climate Strikes: Students organize regular strikes, typically on Fridays, to draw attention to the climate crisis and demand action from policymakers.

  2. Global Reach: The movement has spread to numerous countries, with millions of students participating in coordinated global climate strikes.

  3. Youth-Led Activism: FFF emphasizes the role of young people in shaping their future and holding leaders accountable for climate inaction.

  4. Policy Demands: The movement calls for adherence to the Paris Agreement goals and rapid transition to renewable energy sources.

Quote: "Our house is on fire. I am here to say, our house is on fire." - Greta Thunberg, addressing world leaders at the World Economic Forum in Davos, 2019.

Fridays for Future has significantly impacted public discourse on climate change, bringing renewed urgency to the issue and highlighting the concerns of younger generations. The movement has been instrumental in pushing for more ambitious climate change mitigation policies and raising awareness about the need for immediate action to address the climate crisis.

Example: In September 2019, the Global Climate Strike, inspired by Fridays for Future, saw an estimated 6 million people participate in climate protests worldwide, marking it as one of the largest climate demonstrations in history.

The success of Fridays for Future demonstrates the power of youth activism in driving social and political change, particularly in the context of climate change mitigation and adaptation. It has become a significant force in the global effort to combat climate change and ensure a sustainable future for all.

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Reasons for Climate Change

Human activities are increasingly recognized as the primary drivers of current climate change. The main causes of climate change stem from various sectors of human society and industry. These include:

  1. Burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and gas) for energy production and transportation.
  2. Deforestation, which reduces the Earth's capacity to absorb carbon dioxide.
  3. Expansion of livestock farming, contributing to methane emissions.
  4. Use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers in agriculture.
  5. Production and use of fluorinated gases in various industrial processes.

These activities collectively contribute to the release of enormous quantities of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. These gases enhance the natural greenhouse effect, leading to global warming and subsequent climate change.

Example: The breakdown of climate change sources shows that electricity and heat production account for 25% of emissions, while agriculture, forestry, and other land use contribute 24%.

Understanding these causes is crucial for developing effective climate change mitigation strategies and policies. It highlights the need for a multi-faceted approach that addresses emissions across various sectors of the economy and society.

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What Can We All Do Against Climate Change

Individual actions play a crucial role in climate change mitigation. Here are 15 practical tips that everyone can implement to reduce their carbon footprint and contribute to the fight against climate change:

  1. Waste less: Reduce, reuse, and recycle to minimize waste production.
  2. Share and reuse products: Embrace the sharing economy and second-hand markets.
  3. Choose organic products: Opt for products free from artificial fertilizers and pesticides.
  4. Conserve electricity: Turn off lights and unplug devices when not in use.
  5. Shop locally and seasonally: Reduce transportation emissions and support local economies.
  6. Use public transport: Reduce individual carbon emissions from private vehicles.
  7. Cycle instead of driving: For short distances, choose bicycles over cars.
  8. Switch to green electricity: Opt for renewable energy sources for your home.
  9. Use an eco-friendly bank: Choose financial institutions that invest in sustainable projects.
  10. Install energy-saving LED lamps: Reduce energy consumption through efficient lighting.
  11. Travel by train: Choose rail travel over air travel when possible for longer distances.
  12. Reduce meat consumption: Adopt a more plant-based diet to lower your carbon footprint.
  13. Improve home insulation: Enhance energy efficiency in your living space.
  14. Embrace DIY: Repair and make things yourself to reduce consumption.
  15. Support sustainable companies: Choose products and services from environmentally responsible businesses.

Example: Switching to energy-saving LED lamps can reduce your lighting energy consumption by up to 80% compared to traditional incandescent bulbs.

These actions demonstrate how individuals can contribute to climate change mitigation through everyday choices and lifestyle adjustments. By implementing these practices, we can collectively make a significant impact on reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting a more sustainable future.

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Ecological Footprint

The ecological footprint is a measure of human impact on Earth's ecosystems. It represents the amount of biologically productive land and sea area necessary to supply the resources a human population consumes and to assimilate associated waste. This concept has become one of the most widely used metrics for assessing humanity's effect on the environment.

Key aspects of the ecological footprint include:

  1. Resource Consumption: It tracks the use of productive surface areas such as cropland, grazing land, fishing grounds, built-up land, forest area, and carbon demand on land.

  2. Sustainability Indicator: The ecological footprint highlights the apparent unsustainability of current human practices, especially in developed countries.

  3. Global Inequalities: It reveals significant disparities in resource consumption between and within countries, reflecting broader economic and social inequalities.

  4. Comparative Tool: The concept is often expressed in terms of "how many Earths" would be required if everyone lived like the population of a particular country.

Example: According to the data presented, if the entire world population lived like Australia or the United States, we would need more than 5 Earths to sustain that lifestyle.

The ecological footprint serves as a powerful tool for understanding and communicating the impact of human activities on the planet. It provides a tangible way to conceptualize resource consumption and helps individuals and policymakers make more informed decisions about sustainable practices.

Highlight: The ecological footprint concept underscores the need for significant changes in consumption patterns and resource management to achieve global sustainability.

By quantifying human demand on nature, the ecological footprint contributes to discussions on climate change mitigation, sustainable development, and equitable resource distribution. It emphasizes the importance of reducing our collective impact on the planet to ensure a sustainable future for all.

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