Expansion of the British Empire

This section delves into the rise and fall of the British Empire, exploring its global reach, motivations, and lasting impact.

The British Empire's expansion began in the early 17th century, driven by a combination of economic, political, religious, and exploratory motives. At its peak in the 19th century, it covered a quarter of the world's land surface, earning the moniker "The Empire on which the sun never sets."

Vocabulary: The East India Company was a key player in British colonial expansion, facilitating trade in Asian goods.

The empire's growth was facilitated by technological advancements like the telegraph and steamships, giving Britain an edge over other European powers. Colonies were established across North America, the Caribbean, Africa, Asia, and Oceania.

Example: India, often referred to as the "Jewel in the Crown," was a central part of the British Empire.

The section also discusses the empire's achievements, including improvements in infrastructure, education, and healthcare in the colonies. However, it acknowledges the darker aspects of colonialism, such as the initial profiting from slavery before its abolition.

Highlight: The British Empire played a significant role in mapping Africa and abolishing practices like cannibalism and slavery in its colonies.

The empire's decline began after World War II, with many colonies gaining independence by 1970. Despite this, many former colonies maintained close ties with Britain through the Commonwealth.