People and Population of Nigeria

Nigeria is a multi-ethnic nation with a rich cultural tapestry:

• Over 250 ethnic groups
• The three largest groups are Hausa (north), Igbo (south-east), and Yoruba (south-west), accounting for about 68% of the population

Definition: Multi-ethnic nation - A country composed of people from various ethnic backgrounds.

These ethnic groups are distinguished by their:

• Languages
• Shared religions
• Values
• Traditions
• Customs (including food and traditional clothing)

Focus on the Hausa ethnic group:

• Territory: Northern Nigeria
• Population: Approximately 33.7 million
• Language: Hausa

Highlight: Nigeria's ethnic diversity contributes to its rich cultural heritage but also presents challenges in national unity.

Current Situation in Nigeria

Nigeria currently faces several significant challenges:

1. Ongoing violence caused by Boko Haram in the northeast
2. Frequent suicide bombings
3. Tensions in the Niger Delta, with minority groups feeling exploited by foreign oil corporations
4. Inter-ethnic violence
5. Instances of piracy, kidnappings, and sabotage of oil infrastructure

Example: The bombing of oil pipelines in the Niger Delta has significant economic and environmental impacts.

Nigeria's political system features a President as the head of state. However, the country has struggled with political instability since gaining independence in 1960, experiencing coups, military rule, civil war, and famine.

Highlight: Political corruption and inequality remain significant challenges for Nigeria's development.