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- short story - novel (Roman) fictional text - poems - faire tail (Märchen) - the author's aim influences the style of writing - narration relates the events - use of stylistic devices has an intended influence on the reader quality/posh/broadsheet news item (Pressemit- teilung) - very short article - with neutral news - well investigated - separate opinion in editorial - answers all 5 wh-questions in one concise paragraph -deals with events of general importance How to analyse text types Step 1: State, if it is a news report (Zeitungs- bericht) How to analyse non-fictional texts Step 2: Establish the type of newspaper newspaper -answers all 5 wh-questions -without too much background information - interview - newspaper articles - adverts, brochures - reports - the texts aim at informing the readership -reports about topics of general interest - written objectively for a special target group - written by an objective way - without opinion and the type of newspaper articles tabloid/popular newspaper/ Yellow Press - with sensational news - mixed information and opinion =ready-made opinion news story e.g. human - is just based on information facts non-fictional text interest story - information about current events - gives details and background - includes the reporter's opinion and quotations of experts and eye witnesses (Augenzeugen) - e.g. stories about diseases, catastrophes etc. to arouse sympathy (Mitgefühl erzeugen) feature (Feature) - gives more background information to a news story - literary article or entertaining part of a newspaper - topics: culture, literature column/editorial (Leitartikel/ Kolumne) - regular contribution to a newspaper by the same person: editorials by the editor; columns by the columnist; op ads = second or opposite opinion - deals with topics of general interest in a personal, thought - provoking or funny and ironical way term masthead headline (Schlagzeile) sub-heading by-line body of the article opening/lead paragraph source Step 3: Prove the elements/structure of a newspaper article definition name of the newspaper -...
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short, attention getting statement about the event - provides first information - presents the reporter's name - text of the article - answers the wh-questions Who? What? Where? When? Why? How? - published when/where popular/tabloid newspapers - informal names - words with negative, sexual connotation - brand names - use of generalization - chatty (schnatterhaft) - emotional and divide the text into sections, -> einteilen give the main content and →> zusammenfassen purpose/intention for each section. -> Sinnabschnitt Überschrift - superficial - slang - colloquial language - alt of spoken language Step 4: analyse the language used in newspaper articles: - quotes of pseudo experts or people with fringe beliefs - short, snappy sentences - use of puns details/function - distinguishes it from other newspapers - printed in bolt to catch the reader's eyes - arouse interest in reading the article - exaggeration for effect (Übertreibung) - often printed in italics or semi-bolt - isn't necessarily there - to inform who wrote the article - no separation between fact and opinion - always written in column (Spalten) - subdivided in paragraphs (Absätze) (photos, captions) - information is arranged like an inverted pyramid: - provides the reader with the most important information style choice of words most important information next important information less important information tone (Ton) register (Wortwahl) sentence structure stylistic devises values/attitudes quality/broadsheet newspapers - formal names - language is neutral - language is formal - serious - factual - precise - formal - standard English - politicians' comments or expert opinions often included more complex sentences - metaphors - rhetorical questions - separation between fact and opinion