Writing a Summary: Key Components and Structure

This section provides a comprehensive overview of how to write an effective summary in English.

The introduction of a summary should include:

• An introductory sentence mentioning the genre, title, author, publication details, and overall topic
• Example: "The article [title] written by [author's name], published in [newspaper/magazine] on [date/year] deals with [topic]"

For the main part of the summary:

• Present essential aspects of the text in a logical order
• Use phrases like "the author shows/explains..."
• Avoid interpreting the text
• Use present tense consistently
• Employ your own words without including personal opinions
• Use indirect speech and avoid direct quotes

Example: "The article 'Climate Change: A Global Crisis' by Dr. Jane Smith, published in The Environmental Journal on May 15, 2023, addresses the urgent need for global action on climate change."

Highlight: When writing a summary, focus on condensing the main information from the original text without adding personal interpretation.

Analyzing Visual Materials: Interpreting Images and Cartoons

This section focuses on the analysis of visual materials such as cartoons, photographs, paintings, and drawings.

Key points for analyzing visual texts:

• Identify and describe the elements used to convey information
• Explain the use and function of these elements
• Evaluate their effect on the viewer

Structure of a visual analysis:

1. Introduction:

   • State the central idea of the image
   • Provide the artist's name and publication details

2. Main part:

   • Give a detailed description of the image
   • Name different parts of the picture (visual elements, foreground, background)

Example: "The political cartoon 'Global Warming Denial' by John Smith, published in The Daily Globe on July 10, 2023, satirizes climate change skeptics through its use of exaggerated imagery and ironic text."

Highlight: When analyzing visual materials, it's crucial to consider both the literal content of the image and its symbolic or metaphorical meanings.