The Rise and Extent of the British Empire
The British Empire emerged as a global powerhouse through strategic sea power and exploration. British ships ventured across the world, establishing colonies and trade links in a system known as Triangle Trading.
Vocabulary: Empire - A large group of territories controlled by one country.
The empire's growth was fueled by several factors:
- Competition with other European powers like Spain and France
- Desire for resources and new markets
- The Industrial Revolution's demand for raw materials
- A perceived moral mission to "civilize" other nations
Highlight: At its peak, the British Empire controlled 1/4 of the Earth's surface and was often described as "the empire on which the sun never sets."
The empire's rule had far-reaching consequences:
- Introduction of British education and infrastructure in colonies
- Spread of the English language globally
- Dissemination of British culture and lifestyle
Example: The British Raj in India 1858−1947 was considered the "jewel in the crown" of the British Empire due to its strategic location and abundant resources.
However, the empire's decline began after World War I and II, as Britain's global influence waned and independence movements gained strength in colonies.
