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spooky house on their street called the Radley Place. The house is owned by Mr. Nathan Radley, whose brother, Arthur (nicknamed Boo), has lived there for years without venturing outside. Scout goes to school for the first time that fall and detests it. She and Jem find gifts apparently left for them in a knothole of a tree on the Radley property. Dill returns the following summer, and he, Scout, and Jem begin to act out the story of Boo Radley. Atticus puts a stop to their antics, urging the children to try to see life from another person's perspective before making judgments. But, on Dill's last night in Maycomb for the summer, the three sneak onto the Radley property, where Nathan Radley shoots at them. Jem loses his pants in the ensuing escape. When he returns for them, he finds them mended and hung over the fence. The next winter, Jem and Scout find more presents in the tree, presumably left by the mysterious Boo. Nathan Radley eventually plugs the knothole with cement. Shortly thereafter, a fire breaks out in another neighbor's house, and during the fire someone slips a blanket on Scout's shoulders as she watches the blaze. Convinced that Boo did it, Jem tells Atticus about the mended pants and the presents. To the consternation of Maycomb's racist white community, Atticus agrees to defend a Black man named Tom Robinson, who has been accused of raping a white woman. Because of Atticus's decision, Jem and Scout are subjected to abuse from other children, even when they celebrate Christmas at the family compound on Finch's Landing. Calpurnia, the Finches' Black cook, takes them to the local Black church, where the warm and close-knit community largely embraces the children. Atticus's sister, Alexandra, comes to live with the Finches the next summer. Dill, who is supposed to live with his "new father" in another town, runs away and comes to Maycomb. Tom Robinson's trial begins, and when the accused man is placed in the local jail, a mob gathers to lynch him. Atticus faces the mob down the night before the trial. Jem and Scout, who have sneaked out of the house, soon join him. Scout recognizes one of the men, and her polite questioning about his son shames him into dispersing the mob. At the trial itself, the children sit in the "colored balcony" with the town's Black citizens. Atticus provides clear evidence that the accusers, Mayella Ewell and her father, Bob, are lying: in fact, Mayella propositioned Tom Robinson, was caught by her father, and then accused Tom of rape to cover her shame and guilt. Atticus provides impressive evidence that the marks on Mayella's face are from wounds that her father inflicted; upon discovering her with Tom, he called her a whore and beat her. Yet, despite the significant evidence pointing to Tom's innocence, the all-white jury convicts him. The innocent Tom later tries to escape from prison and is shot to death. In the aftermath of the trial, Jem's faith in justice is badly shaken, and he lapses into despondency and doubt. Despite the verdict, Bob Ewell feels that Atticus and the judge have made a fool out of him, and he vows revenge. He menaces Tom Robinson's widow, tries to break into the judge's house, and finally attacks Jem and Scout as they walk home from a Halloween party. Boo Radley intervenes, however, saving the children and stabbing Ewell fatally during the struggle. Boo carries the wounded Jem back to Atticus's house, where the sheriff, in order to protect Boo, insists that Ewell tripped over a tree root and fell on his own knife. After sitting with Scout for a while, Boo disappears once more into the Radley house. Later, Scout feels as though she can finally imagine what life is like for Boo. He has become a human being to her at last. With this realization, Scout embraces her father's advice to practice sympathy and understanding and demonstrates that her experiences with hatred and prejudice will not sully her faith in human goodness. https://www.sparknotes.com/lit/mocking/summary/ Walter Cunningham: Poor attends school but sometimes needs to help his father morally polite proud people. => .Scout. -> character trails:. Open-minded · empathetic. MAYCOMD'S FARMER Burris Ewell: • not educated. ·bad hygiene dice Atticus, is a rdemodel for Scout Wants to make her father proud trusts and respects him trusts her bonest does not hide problems. relationship is based on equality, politeness, patience general information: · Lawyer with his own office in Maycomb ↳ elected to state legislature • never went to school. "home-schooled by his father. Widower -> single father. no alcohol. good shooter Dearly 50 good listener & trustworthy. protective of children. guided by his morals. non-vident Considerate /selfless. Wise & honest tolerant ATTICUS & SCOUT Atticus parenting style: ->never laid a hand on Scout Atticus. poor does not attend school regularly. Ewell family (-> Live like animals", "disgrace") Special rules mean, aggressive, disrespectful, stubborn Outer appearance: wears. glasses -> based on love & affection. explains everything in detail ·educates by giving life lessons (makes Scout reconsider her dessions) ATTICUS Characte relationships: · father of Scout & Jem ·love, care & role model wants to pass his values. accepts his children the way they are. treats them like adults 2₂ • nearly blind in his left eye "feeble" (according to Scout). criticized in town. (because he defends Tom Robinson) Calpurnia (cook): ↳ part of family, stick together, friends defends her & appreciats her disagrees with Aunt Alexandra Siblings: Aunt Alexandra & Jack Finch habits: plays the harp · teaches his children life lessons reads the newspaper checks on his children at night always sits and reads at night after work. Walking to and from town every day. minds his own business > does not take part in town. gossip. ·educated vocabulary. argues things through logically & always sees both sides of an argument general information: Lives on the main residential street in town first 5 years and then comes to first grade. old her mother died when she was two. full name: Jean-Louise Finch. years relationships: Aunt Alexandra (bad relationship) • black cook: Calpurnia (motherrole) father: Atticus (role-model & close) brother: Jem (close) ·best friend: Dill ("fiance") · neighbour : Ms. Maudie Aktinson (friends) doesn't like Mrs. Dubose. afraid of the Radley family ・ general information: 4. years older than Scout -> 10 years old plays football & loves it · full name: Jeremy Atticus Finch wants to become a lawyer reads dramas since a young age relationships: values his good relationship with Atticus L> admires his father. dominant towards Scout; but still caring. L> close sibling-relationship. good friendship with Dill. brother of Scout SCOUT character Outer appearance: unusual style. Wears Overalls, jeans/ breeches L> boyish I tomboy doesn't like being the typical kind of girl ·bangs across her forehead character traits. intelligent & eloquent confident & tough innocent /inexperienced. unusual good-hearted lopen & polite • can't understand the seriousness. ↳ too young. a little aggressive & egoistic inquisitive. JEM haracter file . character traits:. Kind dominant thoughtful. considerable Well-educated of outer appearance: · Left arm shorter than his right arm (13 y.o.) taller than Scout & Dill insecure. daring Couragous, brave, tough likeable adventurous Open-minded & tolerant. same things. habits: Swears a lot (bad/impolite (anguage). • "It was our habit to run to meet Atticus the moment we saw him round the post office corner in the distance." waits for her father to come home climbs trees able to read & write. With 5 plays a lot with her brother years habits. ・in the middle of and played on his own races with Scout to meet. Atticus plays a lot with Scout games (with Scout) he stopped Mr. Walter Cunningham. Atticus Tom Robinson Calpurnia threatens him Mayella Ewell OL "second son" in the third summer : daughter-father father-son accuses him of caping his daughter father-son Walter Cunningham father daughter = family Mayella Ewell insecure, emotional Siblings grew up together on Finch's landing. -Bob Ewell. = friends CHARACTER schoolmates Tem Tom Robinson his left arm is crippled. Sorry says that he has felt (overstepping societal bounds) Course of events: Heck Tate: · a doctor has never been called to examine Mayella. Bob Ewell aggressive, emotional • disrespecs Atticus' questions ´one gets to know that Mayella's right eye was hurt breaks his af = Scared of is scared of Atticus. L₂ thinks that Atticus makes fun of her avoids to answer some of Atticus' questions. for Mayella Dill • siblings Siblings Jack Finch -wards to marry her on Finch's Landing Scait = protects them nephew-aunt Miss Maudie Atkinson = client THE TRIAL siblings Boo Radley niece-aunt arew up together on Finch's landing = motherrole Aunt Alexandra racism & racial Segregation the jury convids. Tam Robinson although he is not guilty (no one really cares about his testimony) there was a section for colored people in the room. the jury is all white od male farmers Tan Robinson is afraid to say something that offends the white people. differences: the book starts by mentioning Jem's broken amm arm. the story about Boo stabbing his father with scissors is told by Dills aunt Pocketwatch from. Atticus was a gift from Scout's mother in the book the pocketwatch is from Scout's grandfather Jem often excludes Scout & sometimes is mean to her. Jem doesn't need to be convinced too much to touch the Radleys front porch. the kids were 'spying the courthouse at the beginning • Dill decides to bring back his pants right after loosing them & novel: Lie with strip poker & then they are set to sleep -> Jem waits till Atticus is asleep • Scout beats up Walter Cunningham without the reason being given Scene at the Robinsons house with Bob Ewell •Jem discovers the knothole and not Scout the knothole was emedially filled with cement, right in front of Scouts & Jems eyes Scene with Mrs. Dubose is missing (before the trial) Mayella tries to flee during the trial conflicts Exposition Maycomb rising action. Life Lesson Dill & Jem Miss. Maudie Calpurnia. -PLOT STRUCTURE leg. Boo Radley School Scene) • church scene main characters are introduced Great Depression ·Lynchmob Alicus defending Tom Robinson. MOVIE To Kill a ockingbird ~ Robert Mulligan (1962) climax Bob Ewell's attack Aunt Alexandra. - Scout learns how to be a lady -> falling action Bob Ewell's death • Scout learns to deal with gender prejudices →Scout learns to be tolerant & independent →> Scout learns that it is possible to adapt to Maycomb's society (to cross racial boundaries) resolution Scout has a look back narrative exposition = insertion of information within a story or narrative. conflict = refers to the different drives of the characters or forces involved rising action = a series of relevant incidents that create. Suspense, interest, and tension in a narrative -SCOUT'S GENDER IDENTITY climax = decisive moment when all of the conflids are finalized, highest tension falling action = occurs right after the climax. when the main problem of the story resolves resolution main problem is resolved or worked out black & white Snow .camelias. Jem's broken arm the dog's madness (rabies) Atticus killing the dog Atticus' fight against madness mockingbird Mayella's red geraniums. the knothole blanket Finch blue jay. -> SYMBOLS -> . Segregation, moral judgement. purity, Scout's realization of white supremacy (snowman) courage, intolerance us. tolerance permanent "Scar", Similarity (Tom Robinson's arm -> •Jem as a mockingbird) racism, prejudices -> > fight against racism life lesson to prevent his children catching the illness. ( => racism) => justice -> innocence (Boo Radley, Tom Robinson) & bluejays → hope, beauty, search for love (Sexual desire) friendship, communication -> • protection, warmth, care (from the world & danger). wisdom, vulnerability, expressing an opinion -> noise, loudness -> guilty & mockingbird