victorian britain - Commonwealth of nations - the industrial revolution

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activism Political conflicts between Ireland + Britain > rise of Irish nationalism ● ● ● THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION- WHAT WAS IT ABOUT? Technological, socioeconomic + cultural improvement New innovations (machinery, manufacturing and everyday tools) Major turning point in history World's leading commercial nation • Transportation and communication International trade > wealth Population growth : 16 to 41 million 10 ● H The Spinning Jenny • James Hargreaves ● Wool and cloth production ● 1764 1769 The Steam Engine James Watt Power source for boats and trains INVENTIONS ● 1779 The Spinning Mule Samuel Crompton Textile manufacture Jenny + Water-wheel ● ● ● 1802 Steam-powered locomotive engine on rails Richard Trevithick 10 tons of iron etc Railway boom ● ● 1876 Telephone Graham Bell Transmitting sound Communication ● ● ● ● THE BRITISH EMPIRE ● Greatest nation on earth Large navy and merchant fleet Trade and colonization Largest exporter and importer ● • Primary manufacturer of goods Wealthiest country Canada,, Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Singapore, South Africa, Kenya, and India QUEENS DOMINIONS AT THE NORTH MCIFIC DOUTM 1716 OCEAR WORLD SELEN ANTARCTIE OCEAN METL Apar Publishe by MVITIE and. PRICE Biscurt Manufact EDINBURG END OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY FOX • Intergovernmental organization (1884) Voluntary association of 54 independent sovereign states ● COMMONWEALTH OF NATIONS ● ● Common values and goals, democracy, human rights, good governance etc. Former colonies of the UK • Over 2 billion people English as official language Head of the organization: Queen Elizabeth II HISTORY OF THE COMMONWEALTH 1867 Canada: first British colony > independent Remained the importancy 5 Members: UK, Canada, the Irish Free State, Newfoundland and the Union of South Africa ● 1884 Former colonies of the British Empire Decolonization The term "Commonwealt of Nations" used by English politician (first time) ● ● 1931 An assosiaction of free and equal countries Membership: based on common allegiance to the British Crown In 1931 aspects to the relationship were formalised Statue of Westminister ● 1949 London Declaration: members had to recognize the British monarch as 'Head of the CW' The name 'Commonwealth of Nations' was official Africa ● Botswana Cameroon ● The Gambia • Ghana Kenya • Lesotho • Malawi Mauritius Mozambique • Namibia Nigeria Rwanda Seychelles • Sierra Leone • South Africa • Swaziland Uganda • United Republic of Tanzania Zambia Asia • Bangladesh Brunei Darussalam ● ● ● ● ● MEMBER STATES India Malaysia Maldives Pakistan Singapore Sri Lanka ● ● ● ● ● Caribbean and Americas Antigua and Barbud The Bahamas Barbados Belize Canada Dominica Grenada Guyana Jamaica Saint Lucia St Kitts and Nevis St Vincent and The Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago Europe Cyprus Malta United Kingdom Pacific ● ● ● ● ● Australia Fiji Kiribati Nauru New Zealand Papua New Guinea Samoa Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA BRUNE THE GAMBIA KIRIBATI ST KITTS AND NEVIS SOLOMON ISLANDS The Commonwealth LU AUSTRALIA CAMEROON GHANA LESOTHO SAINT LUCIA SOUTH AFRICA UNITED KINGDOM UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA THE BAHAMAS BANGLADESH GRENADA MALKAI NEW ZEALAND ST VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES SRILANKA CUYANA MALAYSIA SAMOA TONGA ZAMBA thecommons.org infocommonwealth V BARBADOS DOMINICA NOW MALTA PAKISTAN SEYCHELLES TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO BELIZE ESMATING JAMAICA MAURITIUS PAPUA NEW GUINEA SIERRA LEONE TUVALU El facebook.com/commonwealthsec twitter.com/commonwealthc BOTSMANA KENYA MOZAMBIQUE KWANDA SINGAPORE UGANDA THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! Any Questions? ● ● ● ● QUELLEN https://www.history.com/topics/19th-century/victorian-era-timeline https://www.britannica.com/event/Victorian-era#ref343822 https://teara.govt.nz/en/empire-and-commonwealth https://www.phoenix.de/themen/dossiers/british-empire--commonwealth-a- 252316.html https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-6B5JX6_z5E https://sites.udel.edu/britlitwiki/social-life-in-victorian- england/#:~:text=Social%20Classes, Middle%20class%2C%20and%20lower%20class. https://www.britannica.com/science/eugenics-genetics