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(July 4th 1776). Statue of Liberty:- The Statue of Liberty is a colossal neoclassical statue created by Frédéric- Auguste Bartholdi near New York. It stands on Liberty Island in New York Harbor, was inaugurated on October 28, 1886 and is a gift from the French people to the 17/1 United States. Interpretations of the American Dream: personal dreams: freedom, self-fulfilment, dignity, happiness, fresh start economic dreams: prosperity, success, no poverty, progress social dreams: equality, classless society religious dreams: religious freedom in a "promised Land" in which they were god's chosen people, exceptionalism political dreams: democracy national identify: patriotism, freedom, individualism, mobility, optimism flexibility, hard work, progress Manifest Destiny: 15 MASSAS Went * symbol of Manifest Destiny, the figure "Columbia" moves across the land in advance of settlers, replacing darkness with light and ignorce with civilization. * US-amerikanische Ideologie. Sie besagt, ähnlich der Monroe- Doktrin, dass es eine teleologische Mission gibt, die kulturellen Vorstellungen der Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika zu verbreiten Monarchy: constitutional monarchy Limited monarchy must follow constitution parliamentary system tenure Lasts a lifetime Last coronation 2nd of June 1952 Political System: Privy Council Prime Minister House of Commons Parliament Executive Legislative Cabinet Judicative decides/appoints British part of their identity radicalism Parallel Lives King / Queen * inclusion of first and second generations immigrants People exclusion oldest form of government Life Peers Lords Temporal Did it fail? Reasons for 'yes' Supreme Court Irisch *Due to constitutional convention, the monarch will only act on the advice of the Prime Minister. feel welcome in GB Reasons for 'no' make and pass Legisation with an elected Parliament House of Lords Lords Spiritual Jews monarch is head of Armed Forces has power to declare ware and singn treaties school dropout exclusively acts under the advice of Prime Minister History of emigration: Less help for mental heath issues get detained more often 19th century Europeans 4 Education Multiculturalism: Less degrees feel unsafe crime Healthcare Keltische See Irische See earn Less Employments spaces FRAN areas of inequality for people of color Schottland Living standards overcowded no managing higher rate of unemployment positions Wales Mo 1948 non-white emigrants Ship "Empire Windrush" 1962 Commonwealth Act We F South West an Midlands and the Hand LAST Great Britain higher rate of prosecution Armeikanal Nordsee England FRANKREICH British Empire: Britons are the finest race moral justification the end after World War II GB lost his superiority ended with foundation of the Commonweath of Nations 1931 1/4 of the world's masses 1. Free trade agreements foundation Belfare Declaration 1926 | oficially on Mth. Dec. 1931 Brexit (Britain Exit): Commonwealth: 54 equal & independent member states global power 2021 2. Britain Leaves the EU's regulatory frame-works completely trading system Commonwealth games every 4 years Britain oficially Leaves the EU in January 2016 head Exit from the EU Brexit begins 2020 deadline to extend the transition period passes stave trade I 1807: UK abolished slave trade ca. until 1850: illegal slave trade 2.4 billion citizens transatlantic trade 1/3 of world's population the monarch human rights 2017 2018 interests 2019 free trade Brexit neogotiantions between UK & EU equality world peace Liberty Exit agreement is published & endorsed by the Eu UK's Parliament rejects exit delay until 31 th Oct 2019 & 31 th Jan 2020 Ethnic Diversity in Nigeria: · The culture of Nigeria is shaped by Nigeria's multiple ethnic groups. The country has 527 languages, seven of them are extinct.Nigeria also has over 1150 dialects and ethnic groups. The three largest ethnic groups are the Hausas predominantly in the north, the Yorubas predominate in the southwest, and the Igbos in the southeast. Location: Northern part • southwestern part of Nigeria • Southeastern Nigeria historical past: • British colonies • Slave trade • democratic prosses, argiculture, business Language: Englisch: offical Language religion: Islam, Muslim Christian, Islam Christian Lifestyle: YORUBA ● monogam →→ one woman • woman are independent African traditions HAUSA und FULANI (FULAE) KAMBERI A NUDE EDO 81 IGALDA Exp IGBO • more than one wife woman are second class citizens hierarchial rules LAW HALO IBIAR 1. 19% BORIM TIV JUKON 04-6 conservative polygamous model → severous wives hierarchial rules traditions KANURI Mitan Haupt Sprachgruppen ChambHausa/Puan No Tula Nigeria Lagos (largest city in the country): overpopulation: • organisation problems prosperity/wealth: •dreams come true pros: ● . ● ● Problems: ● ● .rich people • starting a new life city of optimists: work hard →→successfull dreams come true a honest city, feel save and arrived chance for people who have a vision money everywhere city that never sleeps city with good memories more inspiring as Abuja cultures/ethics have own rules, Languages, cultures, traditions poverty, orphanes everywhere - no state to help money, bibes rule everything, no Laws from government colony problems, stolen history Boko Haram is an Islamist terrorist group in northern Nigeria, which is also active in the neighboring countries of Chad, Niger and Cameroon. Boko Haram advocates the introduction of Sharia law across Nigeria and the ban on Western education; she also rejects participation in elections. Boko Haram is known for murdering Christians and Muslims who do not support them. Ethnically, most of the members of Boko Haram belong to the Kanuri people. bad infrastructure many people. traffic, chaotic, rubbish, not enough place, noisy, Loud | cons : ● ● drug dealers ritual killers not the best living conditions Lots of danger daylight robbers and mysterious disappearances Hamlet, King Lear, Macbeth, Othello and Romeo & Juliet William Shakespeare Shakespearean drama: Themes: Love, hate, revenge, ambition, power & world as a stage, Tragedy: -Follow the downfall of a protagonist or anti-hero at the hands of fate ANACONDA Romeo und Julia -A tragic flaw in the protagonist's character causes his ruin Guilt →→ recurring theme: Experienced by the protagonist as a result of his sinful/unjust actions Historical plays: -Focus: English monarchs → offering portrayals of each monarch in agreement with the sentiments of the era Comedies: -Formulaic -Complicated plot, an intelligent servant, an ridiculous costumes and props and light-hearted romantic love As You Like It, A Midsummer Night's Dream, Much ado about nothing and the taming of the shrew Henry V, Henry Vill and King John The Elizabethan world view - Hierarchical order of universe -God → angels → man animal plants → minerals -"great chain of being" higher beings had more authority and responsibility than the lower being -God the ruler of the macrocosm Monarch the ruler of the political world -Social order: King/Queen → the nobility Knights and gentlemen → The poor -Father head and ruler of the family, women had few rights general information: - April 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon; + 23. April.1616 - Married in 1582, 3 children -Actor & playwrite -1594: joined The Lord Chamberlain's Men --> Became a shareholder -1610: retired to his hometown Giant of English literature and poetry -37 plays three main categories: tragedy, comedy and history - 154 sonnetsdeal primarily with the theme of romantic love Characteristics: -Plays in blank verse Language: consists of wordplay, stylistic devises, neologisms, jokes & puns Scripts: mostly dialogue between multiple characters &soliloquy Shakespeare The Elizabethan Age: - Elizabeth I "the virgin Queen" - reigned 1558-1603 --> the last of the Tudor monarchs - Period of relative peace and prosp -Henry VIII made himself Supreme Head of the church in order to divorce his first wife --> Elizabeth created the church of England or Anglican church - Opposition from Catholics and radical protestants James I: -Reigned 1603-1625 -Joined the crowns of Scotland and England -Was a radical protestant -Religious and political opposition -Autocratic approach to monarchy -Puritan opposed the crown, became a major political force in parliament Parliament: - Elizabeth and James were dependent on parliament financially - Two chambers: The House of Lords ( lords inherited their seats) & The House of Commons (voted) Historical periods of globalization: exploration (until 1500) : founding and forming of villages, cities and infrastructure colonization (1500-1900)• development of writing and printing technologies internationalization (1900-present) • Industrial Revolution • andvances in communications : int. trade and organizations technology and global media information revolution Pros and Cons: Pros: connection all over the world - -> everybody can be connected with everybody -> through internet & social media - exchange between countries and people modern technologies and new invention Components of Globalization: • environment • culture/society ● economy • politics media ● technology population Globalization easy trade more jobs - politic cooperations - anything can be made anywhere in the world and sold anywhere flow of ideas is rapidly and easily available time and Space are no langer a barrier - companies are getting interlinked and independent - major increase in international investments cultures become closer and intermingled - more individualism - good education - societies can make use of their comparative advantage Cons: - a lot of traffic and transport -> CO2, bad for environment bad working Conditions - changes are too fast - - flow of activities is so fast that many people suffer from stress and stress-related health problems - ,,flexibility" of companies -> hiring and firing becomes easter - inequality has grow -> the rich are getting richer and the poor are getting poorer - middle class is shrinking -> growth of poverty, unemployment - technology can replace people -> loss of jobs Food: locally grown: food group or produad in the area where it's sold/ consumed Organic: grown or produced without chemical or pesticides → choosing between local food and food which was transported all over the world can help the environment → food miles: the distance food is transported to the plate -> becomes more because we travel more and our taste goes global → locally produced products can make environmental and economic Sense for the producer and costumer → can cut emissions up to 90% Economy: outsourcing: process of snifting services or the production of goods to an eternal company, example: ear production, callcenters sweat Shops: benefit the countries when they are set up, one of the Worlds Stranges economics, Cheap labor → Western consumers get cheaper goods, but there are very bad working conditions working conditions: famous brands like Adidas or Nike are breaking very rule when it comes to labour rights, in most poor countries the living/minimum wage isn't paid, temporary contracts, workers don't receive any pay unless the quota is reached, they are forced to work overtime, mental and physical abuse when workers fail to reach the targets, too many workers in one room without access to toilet or water/food Global Warming: weather: world heats up, extreme weather, number of natural desasters has more than doubled up polar ice: shortening of the snow season, melting of polar ice and permafrost → rise of sea level, irreversible biodiversity: pushes species out of their habitats -> not many species get through that, destroys diversity of species health: a lot of people die as a direct result of global warming, weakened people are more affected for diseases