Texte schreiben (Summary, Analysis, Characterization, ...)

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out that supports the view that / discusses the argument that ... - According to the author.. from the author's point of view ... In the author's opinion ... Point of view: Analysis 1. introduces the narrator (type and personality) 2. addresses the reader's reaction to the narrator 3. analyzes other narrator options and why this narrator was used instead Point of view: Overview 1. Is there a character in the story speaking as ,,I"? NO - third person point of view YES - first person point of view 2. Are you informed (from outside the story) about the emotions and thoughts of...? all characters - omniscient (to know everything) narrator, unlimited perspective, often comments on and evaluates what happens (bewerten, kommentieren) one (or two) characters - selective narrator, limited perspective, limited omniscient narrator no character - objective narrator, limited perspective, is impersonal, he/she repeats for the outside 3. Is the narrator (who is a character in the story) ...? the protagonist - protagonist narrator, limited perspective, is the central character of the story not the protagonist - witness narrator, limited perspective, often is very close to the protagonist (e.g. a friend or a relative) (Critically comment on the text and refer to similar texts that you have dealt with as well as additional information!) Plot analysis (short story) 1. Examine the Exposition setting, main characters, no backstory what events and potential difficulties the characters are facing 2. Trace the rising action conflict incoming identify each event and how it functions to escalate the conflict 3. Investigate the climax emotional and intense high point wie ist es dazu gekommen?, moment of truth 4. Wrestle with the resolution - ending (bzw. falling action) - insight the character gains from the action - - Analyzing non-fictional texts 1. Analyze the structure and the content of the text: Text type / topic: The text informs about / describes / comments on ... It's main purpose to inform us ... The general topic/theme/ subject of the text is ... The text deals with ... The author discusses the question of whether ... Heading: The heading is worded in a baffling / provocative / ambiguous / dramatic manner. The authors purpose is to arouse the reader's interest / baffle the reader / ... Intention: ... The author intends to ... change the readers attitude towards ... draw the readers attention towards ... convince us of ... Structure: The text divides into / falls into / consists of ... parts / paragraphs. In the first second third paragraph, the author deals with / compares ... The fourth / fifth paragraph forms a contrast to ... The main problem / solution / conclusion can be found in the passage... Author's attitude: The author claims / implies that / is certain that / doubts whether ... He blames... for ... / dislikes/ sympathizes with / is annoyed with ... She shows/takes an objective / biased / is open-minded / has a neutral attitude towards ... Argumentation: The author puts forward the argument that ... She bases her arguments on her own experience / hard facts / evidence He rejects / disproves this argument by claiming / stating / arguing that ... He illustrates / supports his argument by an example/quote/ comparison / contrast ... She does (not) go into detail about ... He makes a distinction between ... In the conclusion, the author summarizes / concludes ... Her arguments are convincing / logical / inconsistent / manipulative. 2. Analyze the stylistic devices and use of language (using text references): - - - to emphasize a certain aspect (most common device!) to arouse the readers interest / to grab the readers attention to make the reader think about sth. to criticize a situation / idea to create a mental image to make a passage vivid to surprise the reader The author makes use of formal / familiar / informal style. She uses figurative / metaphorical language / a simile / a personification ... This phrase / expression shows/implies / stands for... This metaphor stands for / illustrates... The word ... suggests / highlights that ... She emphasizes / stresses the ides that ... An example of ... (stylistic device) can be found in line ... 3. Evaluate the text: The text is (not) well-structured / convincing / effective because The author successfully addresses the reader/ fails to address the reader The text shows a one sided perspective on / shows the full complexity of ... To draw a conclusion / to conclude one can say ...