The United Kingdom's Political System
The United Kingdom operates as a parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarch. The country is composed of Great Britain whichincludesEngland,Scotland,andWales and Northern Ireland. The political system is structured around Parliament, which consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords.
The House of Commons plays a crucial role in checking the government's work and debating laws. Members of Parliament MPs are elected for five-year terms. In contrast, the House of Lords has limited power but helps shape laws and challenges the government's work.
Highlight: The Prime Minister, as head of government, holds the real political power in the UK.
The government is led by the Prime Minister, who appoints a Cabinet of about 20 ministers to run different departments. The Prime Minister has significant powers, including the ability to call elections and propose laws.
Vocabulary: Cabinet - A group of senior ministers who head various government departments and advise the Prime Minister.
The monarch, while serving as the ceremonial head of state, has a largely representative role. The monarch opens Parliament, appoints the Prime Minister, and signs bills passed by Parliament. However, in practice, the monarch does not exercise significant political power.
Example: The monarch's duties include social responsibilities and representing the UK in official capacities.
British citizens vote to elect Members of Parliament, who in turn form the government. This system ensures a balance of power between the monarch, government, and Parliament.