Q3 Modelling the future

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past & understand the past GREENLINE OBERSTUFE, KLETT Science Applied science = STENCE VS TECHNOLOGY Advocates Science used in technology may be beneficial or harmful for mankind explains phenomena of the natural world and to make predictions of future developments ● research leading to new inventions → aims at gaining scientific knowledge which can be used to develop new devices, machines, and innovative technologies capable of improving our lives or solving problems progress = efficiency =productivity -improved living standard P.3 Critics technical progress may produce pollutants, destroy limited natural resources • Security issue of new devices • raise ethical questions ● ● • demand for new regulation and laws Challenges of the 21 century demand for sustainability Lo calls for balance between the needs of present and future generations Luse of renewable energies, recycling Most important developments: - Internet technologies; + communication, information, -loss of privacy, surveillance, commercial exploitation (data) · genetic engineering; + cure diseases, exted life span, GM foods against hunger effects on flora and fauna, farmer's dependance on big biotech.companies SCIENCE FICTION VS SciFi primary deals with scientific or · technological advances main technique: extropolaition Fantasy: magic, supernatural elements distinction between good and evil setting beyond today's society and technology mixes advanced technology, non-human characters, action-packed plots distinction between U., D., S., F. blurred TECHNOLOGY AND PROGRESS I F R ● pros •growth of e-commerce •mobility development of portable computers access to wireless communication permanent access to information digitalization development of computers most important technology of the 20th century, Internet cons cloud computing → cloud environment - - e-readers → streaming - symulate chaotic systems ➜ N TECHNOLOGY ● ANTASY + P.4 need for secure payment system authenticating transactions authenticity improved safeguards cyber security • Comoutets vulnerable to viruses and worms Lo data theft privacy rights change interaction with environment + downloads data synchronized accross devices greater data security weather patterns → process analyze data quickly + → revolution in film making; spezial effects → graphics realistic more powerfull development of A.I.+ nanotechnology robotics . • programmable machine, carries out a complex series of actions •can get information from its surroundings and is able to do physical things eg move; manipulate objects • A.I., artificial intelligence: robots behave like living creatures and are able to act independently in changing environments • robots are used in many different jobs that are too dangerous, monotonous, dirty, difficult or expensive loss of value of humans e.g. Manufacturing industrial robots, eg automobile industry, repetitive, welding Exploration: places humans cannot reach eg. Mars rovers for pictures, samples of environment, deap sea exploration Microsurgery: Help surgeons perform intricate operations that would otherwise be too fine for human hands dangerous jobs: assess and clean up dangerously polluted environments, chemical spills or radio active "hot zones" in nuclear power pants Al and unemployment robots will become more important ↳e.g. care for the increasingly aging population Learn + think like humans & make copies of themselves → difficult to draw the line between machines and Living things, take over control Outpowering humanity dilemma: AI value is threat to humanity Genetics human Genome Project (HGP) >Start: 1990 BIOTECHNOLOGY Genetic engeneering ➜ • Goal: > Map Locations of each gene & decode gene instructions help results > Find out how genetic mutations cause diseases : identify disease risks : • Therapeutic cloning →goal: & stem cell rearch therapeutical cloning •Animal cloning : Create human embryos to extract stem cells for Create human embryos to extract stem cells for new med. treatments > implant into patient's body to repair disease-caused damage → benefits solve problems of traditional organ transplant : ↳no danger of organ rejection →Problems: Source of stem cells > destruction of embryo > → Success: "Dolly" → benefits > Creation of transgenic animals ~ higher production of resources > Creation of animal organs safe to use for humans > "Elite" animals > →Problem: > spontaneous abortions > malformations > foetal disorders > death bring back extinct animals ● human cloning: related procedures ▸ benefits: ! Particulary severe ethical questions. abortion of "imperfect" children L"Designer" babies cloning children > support infertile couples >creation of children free of genetic creating ideal defects ETHICAL QUESTIONS - human enhancement • creation of frozen embryos for stem cells? consumption of GM food →In agriculture : Benefits: genetic engineering techniques cross breeding crossspecies disturbance of the balance of nature reproductive cloning > selective breeding- enhancing plants/animals Examples killing weed w/o killing crops enhanced resistance to pests L > organ donators genetic modification : production vaccines / medicine higher production of food for growing population developing countries 4 • problems > health: Long-term - effects allergic reactions > environment increase of toxins in groundwater/food chain biodiversity ~spread of pest resistance ● Surveillana TecHNOLDGY refers to the process of carefully watching a person or a place ► looking for evidence of criminal activity history After 9/11 the marked boomed development : reasons to use: > technologies are capable of detecting and identifying people using scanning systems >smartphones can be used to track their owners and pinpoint their location >facial recognition helps the police storage of data > › parents keep tabs on location invasion of privacy - worries : › rise of a totalitarian society > misuse of footage ↳ could potentially be sold agencies and the police dilemma of society and freedom totalitarian society Misuse of footage /data and used by marketing WHAT IS ROBOTICS engineering branch that deals with the conception, design, construction, operation, application and usage of bots - Automatically operated machine that carries out a series of actions independently and does the work usually accomplished by a human I can resemle humans (androids) -> creepy to some disadvantages incur deep start-up costs robot implemation is an investment take away jobs cost-effective FUTURE OF ROBOTICS advantages • work in hazardous environments . • increase productivity • better quality assurance • require companies to hire skilled support stuff · • Al increases human-robot interaction, collaboration opportunities, quality Advances in Al help robots mimic human behavior more closely integrate better into workforce + bring an unmatched level of efficency Is used to give robots enhanced abilities like: : - computer vision robots can identify, recognize objects, discern details, learn how to navigate and/or avoid specific items manipulation Al helps robots to gain fine motor skills to grasp objects without destroying them : - motion control + navigation robot doesn't need human to guide it along paths and process flows → enables robots to analyze their environment and self-navigate -natural language processing and real-world perception: Al and machine learning help robots better understand theird surroundings, recognize and identify patterns and comprehend data = improvements increase the robots autonomy and decrease reliance on human agents. SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY VISIONS OF THE FUTURE Washing machine will turn detective short story Machines turning detective provide alibis or important crime scene evidence => help solve crimes new kind of crime - scene investigation - spot digital footprints that might track or record activities provides a crucial insight into the last moments of murder victim, evidence of false alibis or inconsistencies in witness statements - crime investigators look for more than fingerprints: dates and times logged on the machine, images from the camera → Wireless cameras movement of suspects : : - • Automatic Doorbell → controlled access : a log and a trace of activity Future develop digital forensics kit allowing investigators to analyze microchips and download data Possible smart home devices: recordings from Echo voice-controlled home entertainment systems evidence from an electric water meter P. 12 Digital media article Pros: Digital media at school Kinds of devices and services suitable for school Already in use internet, learn platforms, beamer Discussion about interactive whiteboards Smartphones Digital media are supposed to school needs to convey a reflective Vizualizing I promotion of social skills easier teaching reduced work load easier learning outside of school → access to information to material prepares students for the working life ) clouds, tablet-PCs improve the learning process approach with the new technologies Cons: "digital natives" usage of media, though not reflective 4 - Safety, privacy rights ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Technology is an essential part of human progress → allowed us to exel in our environments Tech becomes more ubiquitous and classrooms become digitalized Pros and cons focus of many heated debates between education and tech experts Reasons why it works 1. Personalized Learning understanding of how students learn 2. Intelligent Tutoring Systems 3. Virtual Reality learning 4. Real-time Problem Solving Assessment simultaneous instruction in a classroom setting 5. custom textbooks 6. empowering the Disabled Reasons to be sceptical 1. cost well-founded schools only benefit : 2. addiction: rely on machines for everyday tasks → risk technology addiction 3. lack of personal connections may lead to educational oversights that hurt learners efficient → less demand for educators 4. unemployment teaching more Ryan Browne: Five scariest predictions about A. I. computers-gone-rogue Hollywood instilled in us a sense of dread Al going against it's programming • turning on humans" L not enough attention is being paid to the broader social & moral implications of the technology - - 1 Mass unemployment - human labor no longer needed - job losses as L technology will lead to the creation of new kinds of jobs →need for engineers 2 War L - killer robots → Al in military applications Lethical dilemmas caused by development of lethal autonomous weapons and by the use of A) in military decision-making defence think tank Rand Corporation warned in a study that the use of Al in military applications could give rise to a nuclear war by 2040 → chance of a military Al system making a mistake in its analysis of a situation could lead nations to take rash and potentially catastrophic decisions Steep layoffs around the world primary reason for the rise of populism 3. Robu doctors L benefits Al will provide medical practitioners: diagnosing illnesses early speeding up heathcare experience Ldata-driven medical practices too fast - people are expecting too much from Al →dangerous, dire consequences eq diagnosis app eg Lvolume of data gobbled up by computers and shared about" could hold ethical implications over the privacy of patients L concerns over how much data is stored and where it is being shared • problematic 4. Mass-Surveillance Al could be used for m. s. > facial recognition technology and Al >tracks activities of citizens to rank them with scores that can determine whether they can barred from accessing everything S. Discrimination > Al being offensive by learning from users, milicing their behavior →A became prejudiced > discrimination as "unexpected consequences to expect from the technology (unintended blots in algorithms, especially machine learning threatens to bake in vacial, sexual, and other blases that we've spent the last years trying to remove from our society