rhetorical devices

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of a mental image Example: Her words cut deeper than a knife Comparing two things using the words "like" or "as" Example: She is always busy as a bee A thing, word or phrase signifying sth. Concrete that stands not only for itself but also for a certain abstract idea Example: Red Rose love Using components in a sentence that are grammatically the same or have similar sounds or construction Example: My fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country Create a serious or comic effect Creates amusing effect Common human feelings sound remarkable Can also create contrast if something is described using exaggeration and the next thing isn't This attracts readers attention Helps visualise Gives the reader or listener a new perspective on a particular topic Creates an visual image. for the reader Make it easier to understand what the person is saying ➜Look up metaphor ➜Look up metaphor Adds rythm to sentence In literature, usually used to convey some message Also persuasive because an idea is emphasised and easy to remember using this structure Personification (Imagery) Repetition Rhetorical question Understatement Onomatopoeia Wordplay When an idea or animal is given human characteristics Example: The sky weeps Repeating words or phrases ➜ There are many different types of repetition like anaphora or epiphora A question which is meant to be unanswered. Example: Can fish swim? A statement in which the true magnitude of an idea, event or fact minimised, so that sth. Is deliberately presented as being much less important, valuable, etc that it really is Example: Looks like it rained a bit last night (and it was actually a natural catastrophe) Use of a word which imitates the sound it refers to Example: "Buzz" or "Hum" Use of word which may be understood in two different ways or which may be put into a different context to alter the meaning Example: I've been to the dentist before, so I know the drill Helps reader/ listener emphasise with non- human characters Gives deeper meanings To grab the reader's/ listener's attention Emphasise and creates rythm Emphasise a point being made. →Mostly used to as an effect Used to persuade people Often used for ironic effect Used to evoke a particular feeling, sound, mood or movement Often used for ironic effect Attention: Most stylistic devices are used mainly as uncountable nouns, e.g. The author uses alliteration/ repetition... - The exceptions are: allusion, metaphor, symbol, rhetorical question, e.g. In line ... there is a metaphor. Further rhetorical devices - often used in political speeches that are delivered Rhetorical device Quotations Proverbs Use of pronouns Use of imperatives Effect Personal appeal to the audience Reference to the past To console or inspire others Including the audience Maybe to show solidarity or equality in a special context Call for action