Death of a Salesman: A Critique of the American Dream
Arthur Miller's "Death of a Salesman" offers a poignant examination of the American Dream and its impact on individuals in a capitalist society. Set in the 1940s, the play explores themes of success, failure, and the pursuit of happiness through its complex characters.
Main Characters
Willy Loman
Character analysis: Willy Loman, the protagonist, embodies the struggle with the American Dream.
• 60-year-old traveling salesman
• Mentally unstable, prone to flashbacks and delusions
• Obsessed with success and being "well-liked"
• Unable to accept personal and societal changes
• Struggles to distinguish reality from imagination
Quote: "I'm tired to the death. I couldn't make it. I just couldn't make it, Linda."
Linda Loman
• Willy's loving and supportive wife
• Aware of Willy's mental condition
• Devoted to her family, often at the expense of facing reality
• Acts as Willy's strength and protector
Biff Loman
• Willy's eldest son, 34 years old
• Former high school football star
• Struggles with his father's expectations and his own desires
• Represents the conflict between pursuing one's dreams and fulfilling parental expectations
Happy Loman
• Younger son, 32 years old
• Lives in Biff's shadow
• Womanizer seeking recognition and success
• Embodies the superficial aspects of the American Dream
Themes and Symbolism
Death of a Salesman themes: The play explores the dark side of the American Dream, the impact of capitalism on individual worth, and the tension between illusion and reality.
• The American Dream as an unattainable ideal
• The cost of blind ambition and materialism
• The importance of family relationships and personal fulfillment
• The struggle between past and present, reality and illusion
Highlight: Miller uses Willy's mental decline as a metaphor for the deterioration of the American Dream in the face of harsh economic realities.
Through its complex characters and nuanced themes, "Death of a Salesman" offers a critical examination of the American Dream, challenging viewers to reconsider their own definitions of success and happiness in a capitalist society.