Distance Calculations in 3D Space
This page introduces methods for calculating distances between different geometric entities in three-dimensional space. It covers the Abstand Punkt Punkt point−to−pointdistance, which is simply the length of the vector between two points. An example is provided for calculating the distance between points P3,1,2,−4 and Q4,−1,1,3.
The page then moves on to explain the process for finding the Abstand Punkt Gerade point−to−linedistance. This involves three main steps:
- Determining an auxiliary plane in normal form that is perpendicular to the line and contains the given point.
- Finding the intersection point of the line and the auxiliary plane.
- Calculating the length of the vector from the intersection point to the given point.
A detailed example is provided to illustrate this method, demonstrating how to set up the auxiliary plane equation and solve for the intersection point.
Example: For a point P−2,1,2 and a line g defined by x = 2,1,0 + r−3,1,2, the auxiliary plane equation is derived as x−(−2) · −3,1,2 = 0, which simplifies to -3x + y + 2z = -3.
Highlight: The Abstand Punkt Gerade Lotfußpunkt (perpendicular foot point) is a crucial concept in this calculation, as it represents the point on the line closest to the given point.