The Climate Emergency and Its Consequences
The UK, EU member states, and other nations have declared a climate emergency, recognizing the urgent need for action to prevent irreversible environmental damage. This declaration aims to raise awareness about climate change and pressure global leaders and companies to achieve net zero emissions or carbon neutrality.
Vocabulary: Net zero refers to eliminating all carbon dioxide emissions, while carbon neutrality means achieving a balance between emitting and absorbing carbon from the atmosphere.
The Paris Agreement of 2015, renewed in 2021 in Glasgow, set the goal of limiting global warming to a maximum of 1.5°C. This target is crucial because even slight temperature increases can have catastrophic effects on human lives and ecosystems.
Highlight: Global warming can lead to flooding, drought, heatwaves, and hurricanes, as well as the extinction of species vital to our survival, such as bees for pollination.
Deforestation is a significant contributor to both global warming and loss of biodiversity. Trees play a vital role in storing carbon and preventing greenhouse gases from being released into the atmosphere. They also form essential ecosystems and habitats for species that provide us with nutrition and medicines.
Example: The extinction of bees would directly threaten our food supplies due to their crucial role in pollination.
The ever-increasing need for energy, driven by population growth and overconsumption, has traditionally been met by burning fossil fuels. However, this method of energy generation is harmful to the environment and contributes significantly to global warming.
Definition: Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources that will eventually run out. To reduce our global carbon footprint, we need to transition to renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, geothermal, tidal energy, and biofuels.
Nuclear power presents an alternative method of energy generation that doesn't produce carbon dioxide. However, it comes with its own set of challenges, particularly in terms of radioactive waste disposal and the potential for accidents.
Example: The 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident in Japan, caused by an earthquake and tsunami, led to widespread damage and radiation release, prompting countries like Germany to phase out nuclear energy.
